Materials
17-4 PH Stainless Steel
Precipitation hardening. Very high strength with good corrosion resistance.
stainless-steel
Native library
EngiRef
Search, filter, and save generated source records without depending on the compatibility runtime.
468Library records
10Sources
0Saved
180Visible results
Materials
2024-T3 Aluminum
Aerospace aluminum. Copper alloyed. High fatigue resistance. Poor corrosion resistance.
aluminum
Materials
2205 Duplex Stainless Steel
Duplex (austenitic-ferritic). High strength. Excellent stress corrosion cracking resistance.
stainless-steel
Materials
3003-H14 Aluminum
General purpose alloy. Excellent workability and weldability. Manganese alloyed.
aluminum
Materials
304 Stainless Steel
Most common stainless steel. 18/8 (18% Cr, 8% Ni). Excellent corrosion resistance.
stainless-steel
Materials
316 Stainless Steel
Marine grade. Contains molybdenum for superior corrosion resistance.
stainless-steel
Materials
316L Stainless Steel
Low carbon version of 316. Better weldability, prevents carbide precipitation.
stainless-steel
Materials
410 Stainless Steel
Martensitic stainless. Heat treatable. Good wear resistance.
stainless-steel
Materials
430 Stainless Steel
Ferritic stainless. Lower cost than 304. Magnetic.
stainless-steel
Materials
5052-H32 Aluminum
Excellent corrosion resistance. Good formability. Magnesium alloyed.
aluminum
Materials
5083-H116 Aluminum
Highest strength non-heat-treatable alloy. Outstanding seawater corrosion resistance.
aluminum
Materials
6061-T6 Aluminum
Most versatile aluminum alloy. Excellent machinability and weldability.
aluminum
Materials
6063-T5 Aluminum
Architectural alloy. Excellent surface finish. Good extrudability.
aluminum
Materials
7075-T6 Aluminum
Highest strength aluminum. Not weldable. Zinc is primary alloying element.
aluminum
Materials
ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene)
Excellent impact resistance. Easy to machine. Common 3D printing material.
plastics
Categories
AC Circuits
Generated source record.
Units
Acre
area
areaacre
Formulas
Adiabatic Process
Pressure-volume relation for adiabatic process
Cycles
Materials
AISI 1018 Carbon Steel
Low carbon steel. Good machinability and weldability. Most common general-purpose steel.
carbon-steel
Materials
AISI 1020 Carbon Steel
Low carbon steel. Similar to 1018 but slightly lower strength.
carbon-steel
Materials
AISI 1045 Carbon Steel
Medium carbon steel. Heat treatable. Good balance of strength and ductility.
carbon-steel
Materials
AISI 4130 Chromoly Steel
Chrome-moly alloy. Excellent weldability. Popular in aerospace and motorsports.
carbon-steel
Materials
AISI 4140 Alloy Steel
Chrome-moly alloy. High strength when heat treated. Good fatigue resistance.
carbon-steel
Materials
AISI 4340 Alloy Steel
Ni-Cr-Mo alloy. Very high strength. Excellent toughness and fatigue resistance.
carbon-steel
Formulas
Angle of Twist
Angular deflection of shaft under torsion
Statics
Formulas
Angular Momentum
Rotational momentum of a body
Dynamics
Formulas
Apparent Power
Product of RMS voltage and current
AC Circuits
Units
Arc Minute
angle
angle'
Units
Arc Second
angle
angle"
Materials
ASTM A36 Structural Steel
Most common structural steel in US. Excellent weldability. Low cost.
carbon-steel
Materials
ASTM A992 Structural Steel
Primary steel for W-shapes in US. Replaced A36 for structural shapes.
carbon-steel
Units
Atmosphere
pressure
pressureatm
Constants
Atomic Mass Unit
Unified atomic mass unit. 1/12 mass of ¹²C.
atomicu
Constants
Avogadro's Constant
Exact defined value in SI. Particles per mole.
fundamentalNᴀ
Units
Bar
pressure
pressurebar
Units
Barrel (Oil)
volume
volumebbl
Units
Barrel/day (Oil)
flow-rate
flow-ratebpd
Formulas
Basquin Equation (Fatigue)
High-cycle fatigue life prediction
Fatigue
Categories
Beams
Generated source record.
Formulas
Bending Stress
Stress due to bending moment
Beams
Formulas
Bernoulli Equation
Conservation of energy along a streamline
Fluid Dynamics
Constants
Bohr Radius
Most probable distance of electron from nucleus in hydrogen.
atomica₀
Constants
Boltzmann Constant
Exact defined value in SI. Relates temperature to energy.
thermodynamick
Units
BTU
energy
energyBTU
Units
BTU/hour
power
powerBTU/hr
Formulas
Bulk Modulus
Resistance to uniform compression
Stress & Strain
Formulas
Buoyancy Force
Upward force on submerged object
Fluid Statics
Materials
C11000 Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper
99.9% pure copper. Highest electrical conductivity of commercial coppers.
copper
Materials
C17200 Beryllium Copper
Highest strength copper alloy. Age hardenable. Expensive due to beryllium content.
copper
Materials
C26000 Cartridge Brass
70% Cu, 30% Zn. Excellent cold working. Originally developed for cartridge cases.
copper
Materials
C36000 Free-Cutting Brass
Best machinability of all brasses. Standard for rating machinability (100%).
copper
Materials
C51000 Phosphor Bronze
5% Sn bronze with phosphorus. Excellent fatigue resistance and spring properties.
copper
Units
Calorie
energy
energycal
Formulas
Cantilever Beam (Uniform Load)
Maximum deflection of cantilever under uniform load
Beams
Formulas
Cantilever Beam Deflection (Point Load)
Maximum deflection at free end of cantilever with point load
Beams
Formulas
Capacitance
Capacitance is charge stored per unit voltage
DC Circuits
Formulas
Capacitive Reactance
Opposition to current by capacitor
AC Circuits
Formulas
Capacitor Energy
Energy stored in a capacitor
DC Circuits
Formulas
Capacitors in Parallel
Total capacitance of capacitors in parallel
DC Circuits
Formulas
Capacitors in Series
Total capacitance of capacitors in series
DC Circuits
Materials
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)
Quasi-isotropic layup values. Actual properties highly dependent on fiber orientation.
composites
Formulas
Carnot Efficiency
Maximum possible efficiency of heat engine
Cycles
Units
Celsius
temperature
temperature°C
Units
Centimeter
length
lengthcm
Units
Centipoise
viscosity
viscositycP
Formulas
Centripetal Force
Force required for circular motion
Dynamics
Formulas
Chezy Equation
Velocity in open channel flow
Hydraulics
Disciplines
Civil
Structures, beams, columns, and hydraulics
Categories
Columns
Generated source record.
Formulas
Combined Gas Law
Relates pressure, volume, and temperature changes
Laws
Materials
Commercially Pure Ti (Grade 2)
Most common CP titanium. Excellent corrosion resistance. Good formability.
titanium
Materials
Concrete (3000 psi / 20 MPa)
Compressive strength 20 MPa (3000 psi). Standard residential grade.
concrete
Materials
Concrete (4000 psi / 28 MPa)
Compressive strength 28 MPa (4000 psi). Common structural grade.
concrete
Materials
Concrete (6000 psi / 41 MPa)
Compressive strength 41 MPa (6000 psi). High-strength structural grade.
concrete
Formulas
Continuity Equation
Conservation of mass in fluid flow
Fluid Dynamics
Constants
Coulomb Constant
1/(4πε₀). Force between point charges.
electromagnetickₑ
Formulas
Coulomb's Law
Force between two point charges
DC Circuits
Units
Cubic Centimeter
volume
volumecm³
Units
Cubic Foot
volume
volumeft³
Units
Cubic foot/minute
flow-rate
flow-ratecfm
Units
Cubic foot/second
flow-rate
flow-ratecfs
Units
Cubic Inch
volume
volumein³
Units
Cubic Meter
volume
volumem³
Units
Cubic meter/hour
flow-rate
flow-ratem³/h
Units
Cubic meter/second
flow-rate
flow-ratem³/s
Units
Cubic Millimeter
volume
volumemm³
Formulas
Current Divider
Current through one branch of parallel resistors
DC Circuits
Categories
Cycles
Generated source record.
Formulas
Darcy-Weisbach Equation
Head loss due to friction in pipe flow
Pipe Flow
Categories
DC Circuits
Generated source record.
Units
Degree
angle
angle°
Materials
Delrin (Acetal/POM)
Excellent dimensional stability. Low friction. Good fatigue and creep resistance.
plastics
Constants
Density of Air (STP)
Dry air at 15°C and 101.325 kPa.
referenceρ_air
Constants
Density of Water (20°C)
Fresh water density at 20°C and 1 atm.
referenceρ_water
Formulas
Diesel Cycle Efficiency
Thermal efficiency of ideal Diesel cycle
Cycles
Materials
Douglas Fir
Parallel to grain values. Softwood. Premium structural lumber. Strong and stiff.
wood
Formulas
Drag Force
Aerodynamic or hydrodynamic drag force
Fluid Dynamics
Materials
Ductile Iron (65-45-12)
Spheroidal graphite. Much more ductile than gray iron. Also called nodular iron.
cast-iron
Constants
Dynamic Viscosity of Air (20°C)
Dynamic viscosity of air at 20°C and 1 atm.
referenceμ_air
Constants
Dynamic Viscosity of Water (20°C)
Dynamic viscosity of water at 20°C.
referenceμ_water
Categories
Dynamics
Generated source record.
Units
Dyne
force
forcedyn
Disciplines
Electrical
Circuits, power, electromagnetics, and electronics
Formulas
Electrical Power (I²R)
Power dissipated in a resistance
DC Circuits
Formulas
Electrical Power (V×I)
Power equals voltage times current
DC Circuits
Constants
Electron Mass
Rest mass of an electron.
atomicmₑ
Units
Electronvolt
energy
energyeV
Constants
Elementary Charge
Exact defined value in SI. Charge of a proton.
fundamentale
Formulas
Euler Buckling Load
Critical buckling load for slender columns
Columns
Formulas
Euler Critical Stress
Critical buckling stress for slender columns
Columns
Formulas
Factor of Safety
Ratio of yield strength to working stress
Machine Design
Units
Fahrenheit
temperature
temperature°F
Categories
Failure Theories
Generated source record.
Constants
Faraday Constant
Charge per mole of electrons. F = Nᴀ × e.
electromagneticF
Categories
Fatigue
Generated source record.
Constants
Fine Structure Constant
Dimensionless. Characterizes electromagnetic interaction strength.
fundamentalα
Formulas
First Law of Thermodynamics
Energy balance: change in internal energy equals heat added minus work done
Laws
Categories
Fluid Dynamics
Generated source record.
Units
Fluid Ounce (US)
volume
volumefl oz
Categories
Fluid Statics
Generated source record.
Disciplines
Fluids
Fluid mechanics, pipe flow, and hydraulics
Units
Foot
length
lengthft
Units
Foot-pound
energy
energyft·lbf
Units
Foot-pound
torque
torqueft·lbf
Units
Foot-pound/second
power
powerft·lbf/s
Units
Foot/minute
velocity
velocityft/min
Units
Foot/second
velocity
velocityft/s
Units
Foot/second²
acceleration
accelerationft/s²
Formulas
Fourier Heat Conduction (1D)
Heat transfer through a solid by conduction
Heat Transfer
Formulas
Fracture Toughness (Griffith)
Mode I stress intensity factor
Failure Theories
Formulas
Friction Force
Friction force between surfaces
Statics
Formulas
Froude Number
Ratio of inertial to gravitational forces
Fluid Dynamics
Units
Gal (cm/s²)
acceleration
accelerationGal
Units
Gallon (US)
volume
volumegal
Units
Gallon/hour (US)
flow-rate
flow-rategph
Units
Gallon/minute (US)
flow-rate
flow-rategpm
Constants
Gas Constant for Air
Specific gas constant for dry air.
thermodynamicRₐᵢᵣ
Formulas
Gear Ratio
Ratio of gear teeth or angular velocities
Machine Design
Units
Gigajoule
energy
energyGJ
Units
Gigapascal
pressure
pressureGPa
Units
Gigawatt
power
powerGW
Materials
Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP)
Much lower cost than CFRP. Good corrosion resistance. Non-conductive.
composites
Formulas
Goodman Diagram (Fatigue)
Modified Goodman line for fatigue design
Fatigue
Units
Gradian
angle
anglegrad
Units
Grain
mass
massgr
Units
Gram
mass
massg
Units
Gram/cm³
density
densityg/cm³
Constants
Gravitational Constant
Universal gravitation constant. F = GMm/r².
fundamentalG
Formulas
Gravitational Potential Energy
Energy due to height in a uniform gravitational field
Dynamics
Materials
Gray Cast Iron (Class 30)
Graphite flakes. Excellent damping. Good machinability. Brittle, no yield strength.
cast-iron
Formulas
Hagen-Poiseuille Equation
Volumetric flow rate for laminar pipe flow
Pipe Flow
Materials
HDPE (High Density Polyethylene)
Chemical resistant. FDA approved for food contact. Very low cost.
plastics
Formulas
Heat Pump COP
Coefficient of performance for heat pump
Cycles
Categories
Heat Transfer
Generated source record.
Formulas
Heat Transfer (Sensible)
Heat required to change temperature
Heat Transfer
Units
Hectare
area
areaha
Formulas
Helical Spring Rate
Spring constant for helical compression spring
Machine Design
Formulas
Hooke's Law
Linear relationship between stress and strain in elastic region
Statics
Formulas
Hoop Stress (Thin-Wall Cylinder)
Circumferential stress in thin-walled pressure vessel
Statics
Units
Horsepower (Mech)
power
powerhp
Units
Horsepower (Metric)
power
powerhp(M)
Formulas
Hydraulic Radius
Ratio of flow area to wetted perimeter
Hydraulics
Categories
Hydraulics
Generated source record.
Formulas
Hydrostatic Pressure
Pressure due to fluid column
Fluid Statics
Formulas
Ideal Gas Law
Equation of state for ideal gases
Laws
Formulas
Impedance Magnitude
Impedance magnitude of a series RLC circuit
AC Circuits
Formulas
Impulse
Change in momentum from force over time
Dynamics
Units
Inch
length
lengthin
Units
Inch-pound
torque
torquein·lbf
Units
Inches of Mercury
pressure
pressureinHg
Units
Inches of Water
pressure
pressureinH₂O
Materials
Inconel 625
Excellent corrosion and oxidation resistance. Used from cryogenic to 982°C.
nickel
Materials
Inconel 718
Most used superalloy. Age hardenable. Good strength to 700°C.
nickel
Formulas
Inductive Reactance
Opposition to current by inductor
AC Circuits
Formulas
Inductor Energy
Energy stored in an inductor
DC Circuits
Metric Bolts
Item 1
Generated source record.
Imperial Bolts UNC
Item 1
Generated source record.
Pipe Schedules
Item 1
Generated source record.
Wire Gauges
Item 1
Generated source record.
Metric Bolts
Item 10
Generated source record.